Boeing Stearman E75 (PT-13D) biplane of 1944

"A biplane is a fixed-wing aircraft with two main wings. The first powered heavier-than-air aircraft, the Wright brothers' Wright Flyer, used a biplane design, as did most airplanes in the early years of aviation. While a biplane wing structure has a structural advantage, it produces more drag than a similar monoplane wing. Improved structural techniques and materials, as first pioneered by Hugo Junkers in 1915, and the need for greater speed, made the biplane configuration obsolete for most purposes by the late 1930s.

Most successful early aircraft were biplanes, in spite of considerable experimentation with monoplanes. For a period - (~ 1914 to 1925) almost all aircraft were biplanes. In retrospect, this seems strange, but the explanation is far from irrational.

In the early days of aviation all wing structures were strengthened by external bracing wires and struts. Effective lateral control (whether using wing warping or ailerons) requires a wing that is rigid enough to minimize unintended wing warping, and the unwanted lateral rolling that results. The structure of a biplane wing (having the characteristics of a box girder) provided this almost by default, whereas the design of a sufficiently rigid "externally braced" monoplane wing was highly problematic."
This information found: Wikipedia Encylopedia

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